Sky Blog
Over the last 25 years, the number of publicly traded firms in the U.S. has decreased by approximately half, primarily because of delistings that result from mergers and acquisitions. Does this trend have potential consequences for the capital markets? In …
Initial public offerings (IPOs) play a vital role in facilitating capital formation and wealth distribution within an economy. The decline and low number of U.S. IPOs over the past 25 years have raised concerns among entrepreneurs, investors, and policymakers. The …
Thank you for inviting me to talk with you today – this is an important audience for the Department of Justice because your voice – and your work – to promote a culture of compliance across your companies is more
Shareholder rights plans – or “poison pills” – have been used for close to 40 years to deter hostile takeovers by threatening the dilution of any (hostile) bidder that exceeds the ownership threshold set in such plans. This dilution upon …
The Antitrust Division of the U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) and Federal Trade Commission (FTC) recently released a draft overhaul of their merger guidelines. The merger guidelines are intended to describe how the agencies evaluate mergers and reach decisions on …
Activism has fully rebounded from the brief pandemic dip, with the past eighteen months seeing increased activity. As we have previously noted, regardless of industry, size or performance, no company is too large, too popular, too new or too successful …
On August 16, 2023, the U.S. Federal Trade Commission (FTC) announced that it had simultaneously sued and approved a settlement (a consent order) related to the proposed acquisition of EQT Corporation by funds managed by Quantum Energy Partners (Quantum). The …
In a new paper, we examine the extent to which cross-border M&A is influenced by tax avoidance motives and quantify the resulting tax savings.
Firms employ tax avoidance strategies like profit shifting or the relocation of their tax residence to …
The Department of Justice Antitrust Division and Federal Trade Commission issued new draft Merger Guidelines on July 19 that aim to significantly increase scrutiny of merger activity. The new Merger Guidelines would replace prior pronouncements of antitrust policy from the …
On June 27, 2023, the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) issued a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM) to amend the Hart-Scott-Rodino Act (HSR) Form and Instructions.1 According to FTC Chair Lina Khan’s accompanying statement, the NPRM is the result of …
Today [June 27], the Federal Trade Commission, with the collaboration and concurrence of the Department of Justice’s Antitrust Division, is issuing a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (“NPRM”) to amend the Hart-Scott-Rodino (“HSR”) Form and Instructions.1 This marks the first time
Since 2000, of the total number of private firms that have gained access to the equity markets for the first time, more have done so through acquisition by another firm (public or private) than through an initial public offering (IPO). …
The recent In re Edgio, Inc. Stockholders Litigation decision highlighted concerns when a public company involved in a business combination adopts defensive measures that would continue for a significant period of time post-closing. The court declined to apply Corwin cleansing …
The material adverse effect (“MAE”) definition in mergers and acquisitions agreements is one of the most intensely negotiated, litigated, and studied contract provisions ever. It has nearly tripled in average length over the past two decades, as lawyers haggle over …
On May 1, 2023, the Delaware Court of Chancery addressed an unsettled question under Delaware law—whether a fully informed, uncoerced vote of disinterested stockholders (so-called “Corwin cleansing”[1]) can be applied to defeat claims to enjoin defensive measures …
For nearly 40 years, scholars have debated whether business lawyers add value to transactions. The debate essentially started with an influential article by Professor Ronald Gilson, who characterized business lawyers as “transaction cost engineers.” These engineers optimize the costs of …
In a lengthy opinion made public two weeks ago, the FTC, by a vote of 4-0, determined that Illumina’s acquisition of GRAIL may substantially lessen competition in a market for the “research, development, and commercialization of MCED [multi-cancer early detection] …
Poison pills are one of the most powerful deterrents to hostile takeovers, making a takeover so unattractive and expensive that a potential acquirer declines to pursue it. A pill typically works by triggering the issuance of new shares to “old” …
Private equity sponsors compete ferociously for acquisition targets, with one of their principal tools being the speed with which they can move. A recent decision of the Delaware Court of Chancery (In Re Mindbody, Inc., S’Holder Litig., C.A. …
Plaintiff stockholder litigation against announced M&A deals continues to be a common feature of the U.S. M&A landscape, despite the prevalence of forum selection bylaws, the demise of disclosure only settlements and general skepticism by the Delaware courts. Over the …