Sky Blog
On November 18, 2025, the Federal Reserve released a Statement of Supervisory Operating Principles that sets out changes to how Federal Reserve examiners should supervise banking organizations. The Statement translates Vice Chair for Supervision Michelle Bowman’s stated priorities into concrete …
On October 24, 2025, the Federal Reserve Board issued two proposals to revise its supervisory stress testing framework.
On October 15, Travis Hill, Acting Chairman of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (who has been nominated to permanently lead the agency) delivered a speech titled “Resolution Readiness and Lessons Learned from Recent Large Bank Failures” at the EU Single …
Most industry and academic discussion about the Fed focuses, as is appropriate, on the Federal Reserve Board of Governors’ role in managing monetary policy and, in particular, its tools for managing interest rates and inflation in the shadow of tariffs …
The U.S. Federal Reserve is 12 banks, not one. Each serves a different region of the country and brings insights from that region into the process of formulating nationwide monetary policy. Each also provides a variety of banking services to …
In April 2025, the landscape of U.S. crypto regulation shifted significantly. Three of the country’s principal bank regulators – the Federal Reserve, the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC), and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) – jointly …
New bank formation in the United States is at an all-time low, and Americans increasingly rely on non-bank financial technology companies (fintechs) to satisfy their financial services needs. Fintechs that do not operate through banks mostly operate outside the direct …
I teach a course on “Financial Crises/Regulatory Responses” with the economist Patrick Bolton. This course addresses the struggle to establish and maintain financial stability, an apex goal of the financial system. Last week, I told the students that by the …
The announcement by Denver-based FirstSun Capital Bancorp and Seattle-based HomeStreet, Inc. on October 29 that the Federal Reserve and the Texas Department of Banking had asked them to withdraw their applications for approval of their pending merger illustrates the potential …
Year after year, the world’s activist-investor community meets at the Active-Passive Investor Summit, the premier shareholder activist conference in New York City, organized by research and advisory service 13D Monitor. Yet at this year’s gathering, on October 22, the mood …
The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) recently proposed and published a Federal Register notice for a proposed rule that would revise the agency’s Change in Bank Control Act (CIBCA) regulations. Specifically, the proposed rule would add a second layer …
On July 25, 2024, the U.S. prudential bank regulators released a Joint Statement on Banks’ Arrangements With Third Parties To Deliver Bank Deposit Products and Services (Joint Statement),1 along with a request for information on bank-fintech arrangements (RFI) issued …
On July 25, 2024, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (together, the “Agencies”) issued a request for information (the “RFI”)[1] regarding arrangements …
On June 19, 2024, the U.S. District Court for the District of Colorado preliminarily enjoined the enforcement of a Colorado law that would have applied Colorado interest-rates caps to loans made by state-chartered banks—including banks located outside of Colorado—to Colorado …
Money is a complex construct consisting of public and private elements. It is not all coined or printed by a government; a significant portion originates with private-sector entities like banks, against which other private parties have contractual claims. In a …
We argue that bank regulation and supervision interfere with pricing risk by creating opacity. Given that market disclosures enhance the efforts of supervisors, and vice versa, more disclosure could enhance financial stability (see Spatt, 2010)[1]. In addition, we …
Two federal district courts recently upheld decisions by the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City (FRBKC) and the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco (FRBSF) to deny master account applications from Custodia Bank (Custodia) and PayServices Bank (PayServices). Custodia has …
It has been a year since Silicon Valley Bank failed, and one of the major policy questions that emerged – what to do about deposit insurance? – remains unresolved. Banking is an industry that needs public confidence to function, and …
If you follow the financial press, you have probably seen coverage of the new bank capital requirements that federal regulators proposed last year. These rules would strengthen capital levels for the United States’ largest banks and thereby complete the implementation …
Loan accounting in a bank should be straightforward, delivering predictable and transparent results.
While judgment is involved when loan performance deteriorates, the goal of management and outside accountants should be a presentation that maximizes comparability between banks and minimizes idiosyncratic …