For the past two decades, Delaware court decisions addressing non-majority control have aligned with one of two competing schools of thought. A functional school has examined the ability to exercise control over corporate conduct, considered multiple sources of influence, and …

In May 2025, an important and largely unnoticed development occurred in the corporate-law competition among states. In response to Delaware’s SB 21, Nevada enacted AB239, extending its exculpation statute — which had previously shielded only directors and officers from …

Any state that aspires to be a serious contender in the competition for corporate charters must have a specialized corporate law court. Delaware leads this competition in part because of its Court of Chancery, which has produced an exceptional body …

American corporations have undergone a gradual but significant transformation. Founding chief executive officers (“founder-CEOs”) and activist hedge funds increasingly dominate their companies despite owning well short of a majority of shares. Founder-CEOs wield control through their personal brands or dual-class …

Delaware retains the dominant position in the jurisdictional competition for corporate charters, but its lead looks increasingly tenuous. During the period 2024 through the first half of 2025, only five public companies with a market capitalization greater than $250 million …

Controlled companies – public firms where an individual, group, or another company holds majority voting power – make up a significant and growing share of the U.S. public market, accounting for over $2.2 trillion in 2019 alone. Despite their scale, …

After the Delaware Court of Chancery invalidated Elon Musk’s $56 billion compensation package, Tesla made headlines by moving its incorporation from Delaware—the longtime gold standard for incorporation—to Texas. Following Tesla’s reincorporation, Texas moved to strengthen its newly created business court. …

In a recent article, I analyze the function of shareholder ratification in corporate governance and argue that understanding this function is critical to both refining shareholder-based cleansing mechanisms and appreciating their inherent limitations. Although I focus on Corwin cleansing in …

The recently introduced Delaware Senate bill that would amend the Delaware General Corporation Law (DGCL) provision dealing with conflict of interest transactions (SB 21) has blown up the financial news, corporate law blogosphere, and corporate law social media.[1]

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One distinctive feature of the U.S. economy over recent decades has been the rise of the entrepreneur-dominated public company.  This development has  derived largely from the growth of private funding available through venture capital, so that initial public offerings have …

Controlling shareholders function as a dual-edged sword in corporate governance. They can reduce agency costs by monitoring management but also pose risks of self-dealing that can harm minority shareholders. In recent years, Delaware courts have increasingly focused on the latter …

The term “private benefits of control” refers to the privileges and advantages that accrue to controlling shareholders at the exclusion of minority shareholders. These benefits can take a variety of forms, ranging from cash extractions to more intangible manifestations, such …

To reduce CO2 emissions, the world needs alternatives to fossil fuels. According to the latest estimates by the International Energy Agency, 35 percent of the green energy required to reach net zero by 2050 depends on technologies not yet …

Corporate governance scholars to date have focused almost exclusively on the economic impact of corporate control – specifically the diversion and creation of wealth by controlling shareholders (commonly referred to as “tunneling” and “idiosyncratic vision,” respectively). Analysis of the distinctive …

Though no longer surprising, corporate scandals can still involve the unexpected. Take the recent Carlos Ghosn and Nissan saga, for example. Aside from its sensational aspects, what is striking about the scandal was Ghosn’s alleged value-diverting related party transactions (“RPTs”) …

Over the past two decades, delisting from an exchange has become a popular choice for many public companies. Several studies attribute this trend to a number of factors, including the increased concentration of U.S. markets, which made many small and …