private ordering
Shareholder Proposals and the Debate over Sustainability Disclosure
In March 2022, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) proposed a rule requiring public companies to make certain climate-related disclosures as part of their securities filings.[1] The rule has been highly controversial, generating thousands of comment letters in …
How to Address Nonprofit Governance Failures
Governance failures at for-profit corporations are the topic of frequent media stories, judicial opinions, and academic analyses. Nonprofit governance, however, has received significantly less attention. This lack of attention is not because nonprofits are immune from governance failures, and recent …
Interpreting Organizational Documents in the Private Ordering Era
Private ordering has become a common way to restructure key aspects of public corporation governance. Stockholder activists and boards of directors alike are testing the bounds of the freedom to contract in the charter and bylaws, adopting provisions aimed at …
Nonfinancial Risk Disclosure and the Costs of Private Ordering
2017 was a year of major developments that are changing how companies disclose nonfinancial environmental, social, and governance (ESG) risk to investors. In January, regulations implementing the European Union’s 2014 Nonfinancial Reporting Directive took effect for certain large companies operating …
Another Reason Why Companies Avoid IPOs
In a recent New York Times article, Steven Davidoff Solomon listed several possible explanations for a significant decline in the number of initial public offerings (IPOs). Among the most interesting was that there are many large and successful high-tech …
How Dual Class Shares in IPOs Can Create Value
The shareholder empowerment movement (the “movement”), driven primarily by public pension funds and union-related funds with over $3 billion in assets, has renewed its effort to eliminate, restrict, or at least discourage companies from creating dual class share structures in …
The Upside of Delaware Limits on Fee-Shifting and Forum Selection Provisions
Until very recently, it was not controversial to claim that shareholder litigation had entered a period of crisis. A significant majority of deals involving publicly-traded corporations (most of which are organized in Delaware) were challenged in litigation, and to make …
Public versus Private Provision of Governance: The Case of Proxy Access
The tradeoffs between facilitating private contracting or imposing a one-size-fits-all solution by regulatory mandate are often unclear. In the field of corporate governance, predicting which approach would be more efficient is particularly complicated. Because the optimal level of shareholder rights …