Sky Blog
For nearly 90 years, scholars have debated whether the sole purpose of the business corporation is to maximize profits. This debate has been reframed over the past 50 years and now seems to have settled on a middle ground: Corporate …
In early 2020, State Street Global Advisors, BlackRock, and other investment firms announced their plans for persuading companies to address financially-material environmental, social, and governance (ESG) issues. The high-profile announcements followed moves in recent years by Wellington Management, CalPERS, and …
Companies recognize the importance of environmental and social (E&S) factors and are giving consideration to a broader group of stakeholders to help mitigate risk. However, new regulations bring uncertainty to the future of environmental, social and governance (ESG) proposals.
The …
Purpose is currently one of the hottest topics in corporate governance. Commentators are demanding not only that corporations formally articulate a purpose, but that the corporate purpose embrace the interests of non-shareholder stakeholders or society more generally. In August 2019, …
Using environmental, social, and governance (ESG) factors to evaluate investments in companies has in recent years become increasingly popular and controversial. One of the most notable and influential initiatives for ESG investing is the United Nations Principles for Responsible Investment …
Amid the ongoing push for standardized, comparable and decision-useful ESG disclosures, regulators in the United Kingdom and the European Union have proposed additional disclosures and benchmarks to promote sustainable economic activity. The United Kingdom’s Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) has published …
Just as with the financial crisis of 2008, corporate boards of directors are facing the combination of increased responsibility, scrutiny, and uncertainty as their companies grapple with the COVID-19 pandemic.
In the wake of the Great Recession, The Conference Board …
A large stream of literature in economics, finance, and accounting suggests that managers’ decisions are influenced by their labor market prospects. Absent perfect information about managers’ ability, the labor market often takes a firm’s current and past performance as a …
Recent months have seen institutional investors, multinational organizations and the private sector emphasize the lack of (and importance of) comparable and decision-useful ESG disclosures. Some of the key issues in considering ESG disclosures are:
Choice of Framework and Content. …
The ever-evolving challenges facing corporate boards prompt periodic updates to a snapshot of what is expected from the board of directors of a public company—not just the legal rules, or the principles published by institutional investors and various corporate and …
Proponents of enhanced environmental, social and governance (“ESG”) disclosure have identified corporate income tax as a relevant metric. While it is premature to predict how ESG standards in this regard will evolve, a key area of focus is tax arbitrage, …
Recent months have seen institutional investors and other stakeholders, notably BlackRock and State Street, stressing the importance of comparable and decision-useful ESG disclosures by their portfolio companies. Such calls follow in the wake of growing interest among investors and …
Institutional investors are increasingly focused on “extra-financial performance” as a predictor of long-term success of companies. Topics like climate change, CO2 emissions reduction, respect for the environment, labour rights, and diversity are more and more factored into investment decisions.
Investors, …
In a letter to directors of public companies, State Street Global Advisors’ President and CEO, Cyrus Taraporevala, reiterated SSgA’s focus on “financially material” ESG issues as “a matter of value, not values.” He also confirmed that SSgA will go …
In early 2019, the government of Hong Kong proposed a bill that would allow for the transfer of criminal suspects to jurisdictions with which it does not have an extradition agreement, including Mainland China. The proposed extradition bill triggered an …
In a new article, we aim to identify the elements and stages that have led to increased attention to corporate social responsibility issues, especially with regard to environmental, social, and governance factors, and to focus on the meaning of each …
In hindsight, 2019 may come to be viewed as a watershed year in the evolution of corporate governance. After years of growing alarm about endemic short-termism, the sustainability and competitiveness of businesses over a long-term horizon, and the role of …
Shareholder proposals urging corporate boards to report on climate‑related risk made headlines in 2017 when they earned majority support from investors at ExxonMobil, Occidental Petroleum, and PPL.[1] The key to this historic vote was the support of the Big …
In 2018 and 2019, the SEC released the first amendments to Regulation S-K to emerge from its decades-long project to “modernize and simplify” the disclosure obligations that apply to publicly traded companies. New proposed amendments released for public comment in …
The stakes for responsible corporate stewardship have never been higher.
Corporations today account for a greater proportion of our collective productivity than ever before. Of the 100 largest economies in the world, 71 are corporations, and only 29 are countries. …