Sky Blog
On February 25, 2025, the Division of Enforcement (Enforcement Division) of the U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) released an Enforcement Advisory on Self-Reporting, Cooperation, and Remediation (Advisory). The Advisory is the Enforcement Division’s “sole policy on self-reporting, cooperation, and …
Less than two years after announcing a more aggressive approach to enforcement, the CFTC Division of Enforcement has issued a new policy on self-reporting and cooperation credit that replaces all previous Division policies on enforcement matters, stressing a more balanced …
In late November 2024, the Bank of England published the results of its first system-wide exploratory scenario (SWES) exercise – a year-long effort to model how various financial entities, including non-bank financial intermediaries (NBFIs) and banks, would respond to a …
In our new paper, we offer a resolution to a longstanding puzzle in contract theory: Why do practitioners in several categories of high-stakes corporate transactions (such as M&A and financings) routinely fix price terms early, while leaving non-price terms …
Large language models (LLMs) are capturing headlines and users as AI researchers push the limits of their capabilities. Those of us who work on understanding and analyzing corporations, whether as practitioners or researchers, are presented with two practical questions: What …
With a new administration and Congress each expressing interest in pursuing a new regulatory framework for crypto, the prospects for federal stablecoin legislation are growing. On February 4, Sen. Bill Hagerty (R-TN) introduced the Guiding and Establishing National Innovation for …
Share pledging—a financial strategy where corporate executives use their stock holdings as collateral for personal loans—has long been controversial. While it allows executives to obtain liquidity without selling shares, it also introduces risks, such as margin calls that can trigger …
There’s a growing buzz around private credit that’s almost impossible to ignore. In a recent paper, I discuss the background, key participants, distinctive features, and potential concerns associated with this asset class and explore the reasons for its rising …
Dogecoin’s rise to over $1 billion in daily trading volume, much like the dramatic 30 percent spike in Trump Media & Technology Group’s shares following the assassination attempt on now-President Donald Trump, exemplifies the volatile nature of memecoins. These …
In a forthcoming book chapter, we analyze the regulatory challenges facing venture capital (VC) firms as they navigate engagement with decentralized cryptocurrency markets, particularly through decentralized autonomous organizations (DAOs).[1] These challenges have grown urgent, as the crypto industry emerges …
The U.S. Supreme Court has stayed a recent district court order that preliminarily enjoined enforcement of the Corporate Transparency Act (CTA). While a separate district court ruling staying the effectiveness of the CTA’s beneficial ownership interest reporting rule (Reporting Rule) …
On January 13, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit issued an opinion requiring the SEC to provide a more complete explanation for its refusal to engage in formal notice-and-comment rulemaking regarding the application of securities laws to …
New bank formation in the United States is at an all-time low, and Americans increasingly rely on non-bank financial technology companies (fintechs) to satisfy their financial services needs. Fintechs that do not operate through banks mostly operate outside the direct …
For better or worse, over the course of my career, I have had the opportunity to participate in the response to three financial crises – the thrift and banking crisis of the 1980s and early 1990s as a member of …
On October 16, 2024, the Republic of El Salvador (“El Salvador”) announced the financial close of a $1 billion debt-for-nature (“DFN”) swap, which was both the world’s largest conservation-focused operation of this kind to date and the world’s largest DFN …
On December 31, 2024, two separate appellate courts issued notable decisions addressing so-called “uptier” transactions. In a typical uptier transaction, a majority of lenders under a credit agreement, in connection with amending the credit agreement and providing additional financing, are …
The recent scandal involving TD Securities LLC[1] has served as a stark reminder of the dark side of high-frequency trading. While this particular case has garnered significant attention, it is far from an isolated incident. Spoofing, a form of …
The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (the CFPB) recently released a report identifying limits in federal privacy protections afforded by the Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA) and Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (the GLBA). The report strongly encourages state policymakers to consider how consumers …
Striking a balance between pursuing economic growth and addressing social and environmental challenges is not easy, yet it’s crucial for emerging markets. There’s no doubt that growth has lifted millions of people from poverty over the last half-century, but it …
In late October 2024, the U.S. Treasury Department (Treasury) issued its final rules (the Outbound Rules) implementing President Biden’s Executive Order (EO) 14105 on “outbound” U.S. investment. See our prior mailers here and here. The Outbound Rules will take …